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VPN client configuration files are contained in a zip file. Configuration files provide the settings required for a native Windows, Mac IKEv2 VPN, or Linux clients to connect to a virtual network over Point-to-Site connections that use native Azure certificate authentication.
Client configuration files are specific to the VPN configuration for the virtual network. If there are any changes to the Point-to-Site VPN configuration after you generate the VPN client configuration files, such as the VPN protocol type or authentication type, be sure to generate new VPN client configuration files for your user devices.
- For more information about Point-to-Site connections, see About Point-to-Site VPN.
- For OpenVPN instructions, see Configure OpenVPN for P2S and Configure OpenVPN clients.
Important
Starting July 1, 2018, support is being removed for TLS 1.0 and 1.1 from Azure VPN Gateway. VPN Gateway will support only TLS 1.2. Only point-to-site connections are impacted; site-to-site connections will not be affected. If you’re using TLS for point-to-site VPNs on Windows 10 clients, you don’t need to take any action. If you are using TLS for point-to-site connections on Windows 7 and Windows 8 clients, see the VPN Gateway FAQ for update instructions.
Generate VPN client configuration files
Before you begin, make sure that all connecting users have a valid certificate installed on the user's device. For more information about installing a client certificate, see Install a client certificate.
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You can generate client configuration files using PowerShell, or by using the Azure portal. Either method returns the same zip file. Unzip the file to view the following folders:
- WindowsAmd64 and WindowsX86, which contain the Windows 32-bit and 64-bit installer packages, respectively. The WindowsAmd64 installer package is for all supported 64-bit Windows clients, not just Amd.
- Generic, which contains general information used to create your own VPN client configuration. The Generic folder is provided if IKEv2 or SSTP+IKEv2 was configured on the gateway. If only SSTP is configured, then the Generic folder is not present.
Generate files using the Azure portal
In the Azure portal, navigate to the virtual network gateway for the virtual network that you want to connect to.
On the virtual network gateway page, select Point-to-site configuration. Nightfall (itch) mac os.
At the top of the Point-to-site configuration page, select Download VPN client. It takes a few minutes for the client configuration package to generate.
Your browser indicates that a client configuration zip file is available. It is named the same name as your gateway. Unzip the file to view the folders.
Generate files using PowerShell
When generating VPN client configuration files, the value for '-AuthenticationMethod' is 'EapTls'. Generate the VPN client configuration files using the following command:
Copy the URL to your browser to download the zip file, then unzip the file to view the folders.
Windows
You can use the same VPN client configuration package on each Windows client computer, as long as the version matches the architecture for the client. For the list of client operating systems that are supported, see the Point-to-Site section of the VPN Gateway FAQ.
Note
You must have Administrator rights on the Windows client computer from which you want to connect.
Use the following steps to configure the native Windows VPN client for certificate authentication:
- Select the VPN client configuration files that correspond to the architecture of the Windows computer. For a 64-bit processor architecture, choose the 'VpnClientSetupAmd64' installer package. For a 32-bit processor architecture, choose the 'VpnClientSetupX86' installer package.
- Double-click the package to install it. If you see a SmartScreen popup, click More info, then Run anyway.
- On the client computer, navigate to Network Settings and click VPN. The VPN connection shows the name of the virtual network that it connects to.
- Before you attempt to connect, verify that you have installed a client certificate on the client computer. A client certificate is required for authentication when using the native Azure certificate authentication type.
Mac (OS X)
You have to manually configure the native IKEv2 VPN client on every Mac that will connect to Azure. Azure does not provide mobileconfig file for native Azure certificate authentication. The Generic contains all of the information that you need for configuration. If you don't see the Generic folder in your download, it's likely that IKEv2 was not selected as a tunnel type. Note that the VPN gateway Basic SKU does not support IKEv2. Once IKEv2 is selected, generate the zip file again to retrieve the Generic folder.
The Generic folder contains the following files:
- VpnSettings.xml, which contains important settings like server address and tunnel type.
- VpnServerRoot.cer, which contains the root certificate required to validate the Azure VPN Gateway during P2S connection setup.
Use the following steps to configure the native VPN client on Mac for certificate authentication. You have to complete these steps on every Mac that will connect to Azure:
Import the VpnServerRoot root certificate to your Mac. This can be done by copying the file over to your Mac and double-clicking on it. Select Add to import.
Note
Double-clicking on the certificate may not display the Add dialog, but the certificate is installed in the correct store. You can check for the certificate in the login keychain under the certificates category.
Verify that you have installed a client certificate that was issued by the root certificate that you uploaded to Azure when you configured you P2S settings. This is different from the VPNServerRoot that you installed in the previous step. The client certificate is used for authentication and is required. For more information about generating certificates, see Generate Certificates. For information about how to install a client certificate, see Install a client certificate.
Open the Network dialog under Network Preferences and select '+' to create a new VPN client connection profile for a P2S connection to the Azure virtual network.
The Interface value is 'VPN' and VPN Type value is 'IKEv2'. Specify a name for the profile in the Service Name field, then select Create to create the VPN client connection profile.
In the Generic folder, from the VpnSettings.xml file, copy the VpnServer tag value. Paste this value in the Server Address and Remote ID fields of the profile.
Select Authentication Settings and select Certificate. For Catalina, select None, and then certificate.
For Catalina, select None and then Certificate. Select the correct certificate:
Click Select… to choose the client certificate that you want to use for authentication. This is the certificate that you installed in Step 2.
Choose An Identity displays a list of certificates for you to choose from. Select the proper certificate, then select Continue.
In the Local ID field, specify the name of the certificate (from Step 6). In this example, it is
ikev2Client.com
. Then, select Apply to save the changes.On the Network dialog, select Apply to save all changes. Then, select Connect to start the P2S connection to the Azure virtual network.
Linux (strongSwan GUI)
Install strongSwan
The following configuration was used for the steps below:
- Computer: Ubuntu Server 18.04
- Dependencies: strongSwan
Use the following commands to install the required strongSwan configuration:
Use the following command to install the Azure command-line interface:
Generate certificates
If you have not already generated certificates, use the following steps:
Generate the CA certificate.
Print the CA certificate in base64 format. Foot-to-ball n+1 mac os. This is the format that is supported by Azure. You upload this certificate to Azure as part of the P2S configuration steps.
Generate the user certificate.
Generate a p12 bundle containing the user certificate. This bundle will be used in the next steps when working with the client configuration files.
Install and configure
The following instructions were created on Ubuntu 18.0.4. Ubuntu 16.0.10 does not support strongSwan GUI. If you want to use Ubuntu 16.0.10, you will have to use the command line. The examples below may not match screens that you see, depending on your version of Linux and strongSwan.
Open the Terminal to install strongSwan and its Network Manager by running the command in the example.
Select Settings, then select Network. Select the + button to create a new connection.
Select IPsec/IKEv2 (strongSwan) from the menu, and double-click.
On the Add VPN page, add a name for your VPN connection.
Open the VpnSettings.xml file from the Generic folder contained in the downloaded client configuration files. Find the tag called VpnServer and copy the name, beginning with 'azuregateway' and ending with '.cloudapp.net'.
Paste the name in the Address field of your new VPN connection in the Gateway section. Next, select the folder icon at the end of the Certificate field, browse to the Generic folder, and select the VpnServerRoot file.
In the Client section of the connection, for Authentication, select Certificate/private key. For Certificate and Private key, choose the certificate and the private key that were created earlier. In Options, select Request an inner IP address. Then, select Add.
Turn the connection On.
Linux (strongSwan CLI)
Install strongSwan
The following configuration was used for the steps below:
- Computer: Ubuntu Server 18.04
- Dependencies: strongSwan
Use the following commands to install the required strongSwan configuration:
Use the following command to install the Azure command-line interface:
Generate certificates
If you have not already generated certificates, use the following steps:
Generate the CA certificate.
Print the CA certificate in base64 format. This is the format that is supported by Azure. You upload this certificate to Azure as part of the P2S configuration steps.
Generate the user certificate.
Generate a p12 bundle containing the user certificate. This bundle will be used in the next steps when working with the client configuration files.
Install and configure
Download the VPNClient package from Azure portal.
Extract the file.
From the Generic folder, copy or move the VpnServerRoot.cer to /etc/ipsec.d/cacerts.
Copy or move cp client.p12 to /etc/ipsec.d/private/. This file is the client certificate for the VPN gateway.
Open the VpnSettings.xml file and copy the
<VpnServer>
value. You will use this value in the next step.Adjust the values in the example below, then add the example to the /etc/ipsec.conf configuration.
Add the following values to /etc/ipsec.secrets.
Run the following commands:
Next steps
Return to the original article that you were working from, then complete your P2S configuration.
- PowerShell configuration steps.
- Azure portal configuration steps.
Space Quest: Chapter I – The Sarien Encounter | |
---|---|
Developer(s) | Sierra On-Line |
Publisher(s) | Sierra On-Line |
Designer(s) | Mark Crowe Scott Murphy |
Programmer(s) | Scott Murphy Sol Ackerman Ken Williams |
Artist(s) | Mark Crowe |
Composer(s) | Mark Crowe |
Series | Space Quest |
Engine | AGI |
Platform(s) | DOS, Macintosh, Apple II, Apple IIGS, Amiga, Atari ST |
Release | October 1986 |
Genre(s) | Adventure |
Mode(s) | Single-player |
Space Quest: Chapter I – The Sarien Encounter, commonly known as Space Quest I, is a graphic adventure game released in October 1986 by Sierra On-Line.[1] It is the first game in the Space Quest series. It quickly became a hit, selling in excess of 100,000 copies. Total sales are believed to be around 200,000 to date, not including the many compilations it has been included in.[citation needed]
Space Quest was the brainchild of Sierra programmers Scott Murphy and Mark Crowe, who had worked on prior titles like King's Quest II, but had not designed their own game before. According to Murphy, 'at that time (1985), everything at Sierra was so somber and had an almost medieval atmosphere. So we decided 'Why not make a fun, silly game?'[2] In 1992, Adventure Comics created a three issue comic, based on the game's plot.[3]
Plot[edit]
Players of the original game are never told the hero's name, but are instead asked to enter their own. The default name of 'Roger Wilco' — a reference to the radio communication, 'Roger, Will Comply' — became the de facto name of the hero in the later games of the series.
Roger is a janitor on board the scientific spaceship Arcada within the Earnon galaxy which holds a powerful experimental device called the 'Star Generator' (a thinly-veiled reference to the Genesis Device from Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan). Roger emerges from an on-duty nap in a broom closet to find that the ship has been boarded and seized by the sinister Sariens. Using a keycard that he finds on the body of a dead crew member, he finds his way to an escape pod and escapes the Arcada.
After crash-landing, he finds himself in the dry and barren wasteland of the planet Kerona, hunted by a spider-droid dispatched by the Sariens. Roger makes his way through the desert and a system of caves and is greeted by a mysterious disembodied head, he is tasked with killing a monstrous creature called Orat in exchange for transportation. After succeeding in this task and in the evasion of the hunter droid, he returns to the alien head with proof of his success in the form of a piece of Orat's flesh. As a reward, he is allowed into an underground complex inhabited by other aliens of the same species, and is provided with a skimmer, a small hovercraft (a direct reference to the landspeeders in Star Wars).
Roger travels to a Ulence Flats (a direct reference to Star Wars' Mos Eisley), a desert town, in order to find a way off the planet. Roger wins enough money to buy a spaceship and a navigation droid by playing slot machines in a cantina.
He overhears from a bar customer the location of the Sariens' spaceship, the Deltaur, and flies to its coordinates. He then infiltrates the ship by, but not limited to, utilizing his jetpack, dodging a droid, climbing inside an air vent, locking himself in a trunk, getting put inside a washing machine, disguising himself as a Sarien by wearing one of the Sarien uniforms, and other tactful, creative methods. He then finds his way to the Star Generator and programs it to self-destruct, escaping the ship just before it explodes.
At the end of the game, Roger's efforts are rewarded when he receives the Golden Mop as a token of eternal gratitude from the people of Xenon.
Gameplay[edit]
The game was created using Sierra's AGI engine and featured a pseudo-3D environment, allowing the character to move in front of and behind background objects. The primary means of input in Space Quest, as in many other AGI games, was through the use of a text parser for entering commands and use of the keypad or arrow keys for moving Roger Wilco around the screen. The Amiga, Apple IIGS, Atari ST and Mac versions of the game offered basic mouse support for movement as well. The game had a 160×200 resolution displaying 16 colors. Sound cards were not available in 1986, so sound was played through the PC's internal speaker; owners of Tandy 1000, PCjr and Amiga computers would hear a three-voice soundtrack, while Apple IIGS owners were treated to a fifteen-voice soundtrack with notably richer sound.
A precursor of this game is the interactive fiction game Planetfall, created by Infocom, whose player-character is a lowly 'Ensign Seventh Class' who does the lowest form of labor aboard a spaceship and who appears on the cover with a mop. Just as King's Quest adapted the text-adventure puzzle games set in a medieval world to a visual display, Space Quest did the same for the space puzzle game.
As a form of copy protection, coordinates in the VGA version of the game while in the escape pod as well as the rocket purchased at Tiny's Used Spaceships are only found in the manual. Also, the code for retrieving the cartridge aboard the Arcada can only be found in the manual. The AGI version had key disk protection where the user was required to insert the original game floppy on startup.
Sierra released three versions of Space Quest: the original 1986 AGI V2 release, the 1987 AGI V3 release, and the 1990 VGA release. Aside from minor sound and graphic differences, the PC, Amiga, Atari ST, and Apple IIGS versions are largely identical. The Mac version is considerably different, however, being monochrome and completely menu-driven. Space Quest I also had an 8-bit Apple II version for the IIe and IIc. This had no pull down menus and displayed all text at the bottom of the screen.
Along with King's Quest III, Space Quest was the first Sierra game to feature pull down menus, be hard disk installable, and not require a specially formatted save disk (except the Apple II version as noted above).
Reception[edit]
Compute! praised the Apple IIGS version's sound and graphics, stating that players 'may think they're watching a cartoon'. It concluded that the game 'is one of the better new adventure games to arrive'.[4]
The game contains a number of characters which resemble musical acts and other popular characters. The owners of a couple complained that Sierra had used them without permission. Toys R Us complained about a robot shop named 'Droids R Us', which Sierra changed to 'Droids B Us'; the remake adds a character which resembles the toy company's mascot Geoffrey Giraffe.[citation needed] Rock band ZZ Top complained that a band seen briefly on stage resembled them – despite this, they re-appear in certain versions of the VGA remake.[5]
According to Sierra On-Line, combined sales of the Space Quest series surpassed 1.2 million units by the end of March 1996.[6]
Remake[edit]
Space Quest I: Roger Wilco in the Sarien Encounter | |
---|---|
Developer(s) | Sierra On-Line |
Publisher(s) | Sierra On-Line |
Director(s) | Bill Davis(creative) |
Designer(s) | Mark Crowe Scott Murphy |
Composer(s) | Ken Allen |
Series | Space Quest |
Engine | SCI1 |
Platform(s) | DOS, Macintosh, Amiga |
Release | August 20, 1991 |
Genre(s) | Adventure |
Mode(s) | Single-player |
Space Quest was eventually remade using Sierra's newer SCIgame engine, which, among many other improvements, allowed the game to move from its original 16-color EGA graphics to 256-color VGA. Rebranded Space Quest I: Roger Wilco in the Sarien Encounter to follow the series' new naming convention introduced in Space Quest IV, this version was released on August 20, 1991. In addition to the new VGA graphics, which were drawn in 1950s retrofuturisticB-movie style, it now featured digitized sounds and a new interface, with text-entry being replaced by an icon interface.
When leaving Ulence Flats in the VGA version, the time pod from Space Quest IV appears. Space Quest IV was developed around the same time. However, a continuity error occurs, as the time pod appears in a different place than in Space Quest IV.
Reception[edit]
The 1991 remake of the game was reviewed in Dragon, receiving 5 out of 5 stars.[7]
References[edit]
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- ^Weston, D.B. Greatest Moments in Video Game History. p. 52. ISBN978-1-301-17414-0.
- ^Purcaru, John Bogdan (29 January 2014). Games vs. Hardware. The History of PC video games: The 80's. Google Books. p. 296. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
- ^''Adventure Comics (Firm)' to 'Adventure Series''. Michigan State University Libraries. Retrieved 2020-03-25.
- ^Trunzo, James V. (August 1988). 'Space Quest — The Sarien Encounter'. Compute!. p. 70.
- ^'Space Quest 1 Cameo Appearances'. SpaceQuest.Net. Retrieved 2012-08-27.
- ^Sierra On-Line Form 10-K (Report). Bellevue, Washington. March 31, 1996. pp. 7–9. Archived from the original on April 16, 2018.
- ^Lesser, Hartley; Lesser, Patricia & Lesser, Kirk (January 1992). 'The Role of Computers'. Dragon. No. 177. pp. 57–66.
External links[edit]
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- Space Quest: Chapter I – The Sarien Encounter at MobyGames
- Space Quest I: Roger Wilco in the Sarien Encounter at MobyGames